Newspapers / The Raleigh Minerva (Raleigh, … / Dec. 10, 1819, edition 1 / Page 1
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-:. - ' -iri .. . -a.. - 1 1 aaaaaaa-aaaa ,.. ,. . "TTii addition ioTfuH idrvlmprt Wt WiiTllias no reference ne applicatioa : . . . v i . i ma nf fl AlimiSSIOn or hid kUHuattve. RALEIGH. (ft. WO ! i siona Tesriecung rivers nnu iiuvim. ---7 . ,, . . .., wEm, 9 1 Lucas & hwt, wllich are declared to be irrevocable, n- 'Se cUum i9 ycrfwV. Three dollar. rr year, , g b cooainon consent, Annex ther mitted Into the Un on 1 tie cuus is f Alfitt Krb; terms and conditions thereby it is but the Sl. riptioti becomes dne, and npjice ,hail hve been Riven. . ' ,.f .rflmt? 14 lines, are in- f.rf ftn anUbtr ; foriwenty-five u ...vint mcprtioa : an J in hue 1 ton whei there is a greater number ol Aifoivrteen. The easn must accompany A' . iinViviwii to the editor. 1 : nvcase.he received of at least St 30 in advance ;onmunce without payment pt or :sa- t the option ot tlie eaiiro. tablished, not only that the constitution wmcti inupuiwu -"'"r T. l. iidh van. tnr irum one sovcicittn ,w-"""' . - . Ol juouisiHim Biiuuiu w ivihiv-.. :!.. Iii onto thp npr. that it should contain the fundla ntal ije is to secure i ft 1 i ll B . gK M hi inasmaeh u th citizen beeom entitled o; power, tlop eoBiilts of otfe principle, of religioa, liberty. ... It mant or temj; --Jgg'. sl.oulJ secure f. tliecitlieia Iminiu y wrmw ..ucr.., rr - viiAim nt tne writ in naueas coruus av- --o t ... aw should secure riminal cases, andttie jyi. fril "I UQUCna vwavw pv- -w - . , m X to the constitution of tlie'Uniled aaroe, aa may be tnonnii . ?.. .r .i .I, r.r.t .tn'DersoDal riffhtt. ....... . . i i f..r f aonie staiea tneraoT .:L : ,W thin. Tr before other and greater poimeal L"" k7.s;: :i.Vl bv oon- Ibe eUiren. of other tatea. , uie , ri,nl,,ff f r-.reaentatwea ib 1818 i ue iawi auu tltd state ia which alavery has exwted hunitred aud eiehty one membera, whtcfc are apportioned among the ttatei in a OCUI QUESTION. ibservations, li ttie scnata dm- , on the exclusion ol slavery iroin Missouri, delivered at tue - Statea and alter Its admission imp ue union, that the laws wluclr i-ouisiana might pass, should be promulgated its rpinnlsof every description preserved ; and its judicial and legislatiYe f procecd-ino-9 rnnducted in the lancuatte in which the Jaws and judicial proceedings of the United States are published and conduci.- xflMipliiaion of slavery a parti Guards go friindl to tho rights of the '' . i ...I... :i.t o i.pui ...J ndi.iinta in tlie slull4IIVIr. 1 Ol IilO act HuiiiiunifSi " " tiiicf!, mi ." . tlmv mav in siwial pif-i.tv fio material to the eradual cunfir a r oi.fr.ripnt rpanniis. forbear mtinn and Kccuritv of their liberties, de- U 1UI k3 Vi lii . - " " ' - - " r . . .... . 'I. .... u nniiiPBV 4 avrAhi3iffa u vni iiarifiiiai oisc llilS nowcr. laww""""; lfiuiiiraic iw iiuuji'v i I j trlrmoni ttem aiimUtcti as new states nowcr of congress ; puwers, the wise ex the union, witnout matting uiw cicise oi wuich, on mis uoiv, .r l rrttntrtWin of their rmndneA tn the inhabitants of the new ll'l Ul DI"'.J" 1 T " m , , 1 , , ilmissioil. in Yermoui mancr state, uuiixiv,ut:9 on - 1 11 . V A Alt 1 " . I' . I I I. A A A IIU 1 1 . tuirrii & ---- - . . to teutuchy was formed out of, and settled bits of tho people aod the number of fVirinia, und the inhabitants ot:K.cn. .'slaves bywbotn the labor of tho ternto. ky equally with those of Virginia, by ry 0f New Orleans was performed, ycfe inn nr tho eonsuiuuou. donbtiefls tne reason ior mw uusiuwi ( : .v.mr.1 frm all such interference ftn article in the act of admission, by 1 t i i- .... i -.t. ni.nll t.a nvrlmtpft frdm of congress, as nvigui uiaiuru u, hujiuh wuuiiNavti; ph"" f f hfr nroncrtv in slaves, the new state. t.p Westerr Territory of North Cafo- j having annexed these new and extra. Tided thes regulations be not incoinpaJ blc with the stipulated seem ity. What Averc the libtrtiea under the Prp.ndi covernmcuf, the enjoyment vl which under ours called for protection, "wh am unable to explain , as the United States have no power to prevent me u w enjoyment cf Mie Catholic religion, no T a . , . i ,. disturb it couid 0C necessary , mm u.c only part of the clause whose l object cau be readily uiideistouU is mm rci4iivo property," , K all nations do not permit slavery, the term property in it eouimoa ana um vfpaul meauiuX uoet noi luciuae or uoe cribti slaves' lo treitie thereioro b iwtvu nations, and especially in those of mr ?a i o..... ...I. in a? a t i mil a f iiina toe uuueu oivica, i.r... respecting slaves were to be made, the trnrd ' neeroes," or slaves," have been employed, and the omission of these word! in4tUis. ciaao..ia!rcAcB uy uui - taiuty wnctuer oy mo icrm yiuir.j, Uvea we r intended to be included. But admitting thatauch was the intention of the narties. lb stipulation is not onlt inmnorarv. but extends no further than to ' .. i i... .1,. aciuaiiy posaeaacu uj ius tlrt perty r.il irBB renresentative for every thir- tv -five IhAs'aad federal numbers, which .rafctftftrtained bv addinK to tba whole le argnmeat. tVhiel. nWb.r of free persons, effUbj.of the which bv atl6Tuevr. According to the last NMMM o?v? i?rs f "hi ill he naober of .larea within the Un; fnr an luff ft netiod. must have iad their influence on the ooiniuus and habit of the citizens, wliieh ought not to be disregards ed on the present oecasion Oinitting therefore the mieht be oreed, and v might oe ueemea coneiusive, .:W StM vn l,WWr hwh eft.Wed original questjon, the reasons whieft M .Vstn mtHnm' twenty. ho aHupa.i An rviip or ma lniernosiuuu qii 'a. :j:.m .... i . ...t.i .... init iwfmi mniucuuu . the power of congress to eaelude tW'" 7 i iiTbaentiasa from Missouri, .bail be odly suet a. its-P -,"TJ - , . tbe ,Mt peels the common delenee, B' Virginia, contained W3,T04 fra'a. nnininiii ruiiuu ui i- v a r. ' I J A KID aid aiaai u ftihlpU)ersons, ano wy.. states wijero welfare, and that wie the srovernment whitli as In any of is, exelnded, . . A. .1 ,A nay nroouce ine luipsruni u nmuuu ... . ,. u.nlrfhii entitled to f a - . 1. a i as iiri swus v - , VjeneHti and burdens throughonl IMMIM; Sixteen reDresentativea 8 while Bv .be article of opfeueration '? W" ... ,o4Vre6 DersoM. bf the ipuEiirv una lit im kuduiicu uv mcr " . , oi . i l. . mon uuplied. oy ine ;-1?" T Mlh. ..rher slaves, be- a t.A AnUUUIIIVII - . several states aei oruing iv - m .1M. and do in fact elect i and imnrove-""" w tbe lauds, .with the houses anl improve meiiia ibereoo. within the respective states. From the 'djtlicblty in aiak.ns this valuation, the old Congress were aii-j able apportion the requisitions for tbei supply of the general treasury, ana on- liged the tejxo propose an a m elwl 'fir. free per. of tbe articles feonittSfUtUfaj bX wlchl "JV. i7:.-ri t ntneh nawei- itt tbe whole number af free perW wi AV three.ftfth. of the slaves, eoutained f nre.idenlla the. respective states, should Decome mwr ;;t;;, heB free persons ia any of rv uinm.. ... i uventy'tnrve reprwwavi. wm0 additional. ooes on Mcavntof her slajw. ThuacTtite SfiJoO free prioiu ,-e re- nuisite toeUcl.one representauvaj state where slavery is probibitetfi 28.36? free persons in Vicginafoiay ana oooitti ' . attL.ti itaan fas Staifj ' I thai nrmtertv .i lAAMffio imviniF iiki'ii uaiLiiuiv inrnntnrv .iiiiiiiimia tu uiu avt ivi mw- i r vi m r -o 'rrrVf".:. iftihnnA..n. inhabitants of Missouri, when it. was pantedana erecun b theitJuited .States. Pro f these states, oeiore u. whwii .Sn: maj, .i iu . - 4 by ikeB and property ae ithe United StaUs, and thth.ML$ma tlie like conditions to the act dae0u,"0 Me;M j b; lh,W iobabi if original parties to tbe constitution, for tne namwsion oi i";o. , "" lams cf Missouri, lias in each case been lnK MvniaM the existence of slavery, moreover, as in the case ox Ohio, lnoi- l :...i..,iu- ,i,M laws of the United ti la.ia miittiuuw w. - t n 7- . a iimiui icu siuuni w - tSicu recognises the existence oi slavery, moreover, as m mo ired measure restraining Hiavvij luhim rub, ashuwio, prfbv Consrress to this territory.--- w ii .r.i.l... ....I.C I. ..nil But to remove an uouuis "u una " It wastnadc a condition oj Uie cession o ,M. trri-itorv to the United" States," that rh ordinance of 1787, except the sixth article thereof, respecting slavery, spoma annllea to the same; and that ..the iixtfc article sjiotdtf hot be so applied Acx9raiagly, tho states of enness.ee, viiutimif. and' Alabama, com pre he a? dine1 the territory ceded to the Jtoited. at . . -..J a4fikana anil under thft t&WS w - - SI w j . iniHI HBa jaaiu UUL ajNiiHa fur that purpose, that slavery shall not;nf tha nrovioee of Louisiana. Should ; r . . i t at aiaioii'v of 'the states approved of this alteration, but some of them disagreed to tbe same j and for want of a practicable rule of apportionment, the whole of the : . . . " . . . . it rcouisitions of taxes, made by tne voq cress durins the revolutionary war. and afterwards, up ia the establishment of the constitution of tbe United States, were merely provisional, and sublect to revi sion aud eorrf etion as soon as such rules should he adopted. The several states .i. aftiAa in hich slavery dees not exist; r---- . . j This inequality in th apporuonroein of representatives was not misnnaer. StOOa at lB00pUUB ill mo .... but as not orie anticipated the fact that the whole of the refenua of the United States would be derived from WOirecv taxes,' (whieh cannot be supposed to spread themselves oyer the several siaie aecoruing to tne ruio oi in pivi np .lirStp but it was believed that tho contribution to ino coinuiutj axial within the same. Admiring h't$ Construction of the con stitution. it Is allesed that the power by which congress excluded slavery from ailed to the states north east of the ritef Ohio, derable is suspended ,io respect to the states tnai may be tormea .in ine province ui an,! lW Article of the treaty referred ta declares. "That the inbaDiianu oi iac rprrltnrr .shall he incornoratcd in the a J- i.-.xT,u r'iiW oViri nflnrift:itnitd states, and admitted as soon as ... i .jll j-:..i i ,.'ai aifoioa. iritolnnaialhiff. necordirr& to the nrincinies 01 kiva hpen auiuiuvu. aa j ir-"" , o a - As lMert)rwithbat a pTtrasfon b wtph ai.. .i,tntl Itaa nWlll'frnhl tho Same. jSAk tothls aFstra6i9t tM lirocec- monities of cit,itens of the United States , AAWMiiHg i" y Ji -v-- L-j r.anMnlra tt ehsdl hnmain jfautlie uhiettilof tlie eight nejy tatned and protected in the free enjoy states within tha bnsJnaV ifeits. f Jhe went of thcir liberty, property, and the Uoitel StaW foW ba?o beeli ''flrftfcwlwigipn irhfch thoy profe,sa,' ; without an article cxaudihg ' slavery : t. . Although, there, is a want of precision ikraa ham been admitted on tho, condi- in the article, us seope anuiuisKui 6 v .i.. ,iv... ciUuivi t. p-rrlndpil 1 1 not be misunderstood. It constituies iiiiii iiiftL ninvvs wBva . - . and one admitted without such condition. Is the four Hfst cases., congress .were Mstiaitted 'frooi increasing the power to exclude slater tin the next three, they exercised this fcbwci, and in the last, it yas mhece'ssaryto do so, slavery being eludcdbythestftte constitution. jV Tlie province of Louisiana, soon after tfsreRAiBh to the United States was di viaod into two territories, comprehending Kifch parls thereof as were contiguous to the river Mississippi, being the only parts ol the province that were inhabited. Tho foieien lanruae4, laws, customs. imd manners of the inhabitants, required tu immediate and cautious attention of cohcress. which, instead of extending, in Hue first instance to these territories the ordinance of 1787, ordanicd special reg ulations for the government of the same. These regulations were frojn,time to time revised and altered, a observation and experience shewed to be expedient did as was deemed most likely to en? courage, i and promote those changes which would sooner Qualify the inhabi tauts for self eoverament and admission into the union. When the United States took possession of the province of Lou- isiana, in 13U it was catiaiitiu iy tain fifty thousand white inhabitants, lor ty thousand slaves, and ten thousand free nprsons uf tolourA More than four fifths of the whites, and all the sffavea . except about thirteen hundred, inhabited New Orleans and the adjacent territory ;. the residue, consistingT of less than ten thousand whiles and about "thirteen hun dred slaves, were dispersed throughout the, country now included jnthc Aikan- sas and Missouri tcrritoi icsT 'The great er "part of the fourteen hundred slaves were in the-Missouri territory ; sonic of them having been removed Uiitlicr from the" old Frejich seitlemcuts on tlie cast tiitle of the Missisippi, after the passing "f the ordinance cif 1787, by which slave ry iu those settlements was abolished, y in 1312,1 tie tcmiory i w men tne oruiuance xccption of certain .parts therefore the future iutroduciiou of slaves Into Missouri bo forbid Jen, the ieeii3; of the eitizens would soon become teeou-j o their 'exclusion, and the ineoiisi e number of slaves owad by the in- . a. I .-at habitants at ttie dato oi tne cessiou Louisiana, would bo emancipated or seat fcr s ale into states where slavery exiats. It is further objected, that the article of the act of admissi m into the union, by which slavery should he excluded from MiMruiri. would be nugatory, as the new tat in virtue of its sovereignty, would hn nt liberty to revoke its cousent, and nunul the article by which slavery ahould be excluded. Buch revocation would be contrary to th obligation ol good taith, which en Jninft tho observance of our enagemeats 11 at a a- , lkn afi. i r llftlU it WOUlu oe rciiugrianw ivj ajsui , .. i . i. 'a..if ;-t5'TTi. ...! upon which government iweu lyiommvu Sovereignty in every lawful government is a limited power, andean do only what I a no a I ft I . F 4 I. : K.:ni;Aa nnM aha aV aua . -a :?.r; ::::r ;:::"hv::. jtrea.r, ww Cu aa iw.Uiauv. v -J tot h the rule for the apperitonmeui grcss; but uosett ement of tbe.r accounts Mr&tJ& ! eould be made, for the want of a r ule o I JJP d utiin.(cly, thonghS. apporuanment, until the establishment of Je y P .wed in the dia- prime the eonstitutiop. . , M.. -MnrMSntatttea When the general convention that F"!-- , "r'nWd to the s'ave . a . a . ... . . . .t.l ' ..I ItllU CICCIUT .Uul " T - - . formed tne eonsiuuiion iook uiis auujeoi - . ,. . i,.u ,..,:.. Bt into their consideration, the whole qr beIieved t0 be a great one, and "uun,,'m,c T " has proved to have been tbe greatest it was agreed-that all eatnbut.on. 'CJIU t secure the adoption me c.Mu..iu "'; ."' ,1,,, -n.ii!tiftn I' . .1 1 f . . ik. ...... IIU. . . w fcM oorninff in iiih hiiiiiiv iu iuc icvcisi .. ... .. , -""o .--.- .. .. ... i f irilat . Miwever. BJ tins coo'eBBum states, lo lurnisu tne same, in oia ui . "VK .. ;,. fil Vxlent was Bculiy recurred id agreeing upon a win V i. wai a-etllametit be. i& liPl'P-UV Alll!l HIU1IIV H'lUUiU Uu U9GCI l . . .a a . . . a 'vaaaa. tained, there being no simple standard by V;;, actual wbieb the ability of ind,?idual. to pay 1 taxes can be ascertamd. A divers.ty in ffifi" V iJJ. Hie selection of taxes has been deemed re- ?,D'V 7" u fe.wi r,m oL r.i nurmuiiuu iu iuc avuv.u. r- - - - iw qiiisita to their equalization coliar to tbe time and to the. par Btinnlntion. hv which tho United States I3 a a . a. M T .a a a aaaa . . t a . I . n la A 1 11 engage that uietnnaoiianis oi 4aouiatMa ,3 lawtui to uo -sovereigns, nau sliould be formed into a state or 8tate3,ldjviduai9 ar0 bound by their engage and as soon as tbe provisionseol wecon- mentBf and have no moral power to Htitution neimit. that they shall bo ad- break them. Treaties between nations tnitted as new states into the union, on the footing of tbe other states t ana ue fore such admission, and during the tcr .i..ptt n-nvHrnmcnt. that they shall be Svs Q ' ' f- f m m maintained and protected by congress in tho enjoyment of their liberty, property and religion. The first clause of this atinulatioii will be executed by the ad- . ...... j .... mlkalori ol Aiissouri as a new jiaw mw the Union, as such admission will impart . ' . . aa 4 . ' ' afc.-. o the inhabitants ot Missouri, aji u lights,, advantages and immunities wh ch citraensot tne uuitea otavauuii3 a. . - r nti . . from the constitution tsjereot ; Jttrcac i iht.4 may be denominated federal rights, r"r" af - i . , . ai t? uniform throughout the Unions ana . ...... are common to all its citizens ; uui tne richts derived from the constitution ana lawn of the states, which may be denooai- - - . -- r - ''a a Ti uatcd state rights, in many particulars . -." ana . i 1 1 a L differ from each ether. 1 i.us, wnnc u; federal rights of the citfeer.8 ot .'Massa chusetts and Virginia are thesamc,theii state - richts are -matci itiUy diasiinilai slavery being forbidden in one, audjier mitted inthe.utlier state. This ditter- cucc arises out of the constitutions and laws of the two states, in the same man- tier as 'the. difference in the rights of the !..:: .fthtin tntp tt vote for renre- IHIIUHWWWW " J.. seiitatives in congress arises out ot the statu laws and constitution. In in a sacliusctts, every fierson of lawiui age. fln.i . nniscssin2 uronertv of any sort, ol a- j I w " tha value of two hundred dollars, may vote for lcnrescntativcs to congress. Tu Virginia, no person can vote for repre sentatives to congress tniic9s no oe iiu holder. As. the admission of a new state into the Unionjconfcrs upouils citi zens only the rights denominated' federal, and as these are eommdn to the citizens of all the states, as well ol those ui wnicn If the new .... .. rnniiRR nil 11118 lirillUllur. state can revoke and annul any , article constructed between itself and tiicJUiiitcu States by wlilchslaTery is cxciudeu irom it may revoke ana annui any ohh r article qf the"coinpact; it may lor ex- amide annul the article respecting pyuuu - 1 i.- ' ... . . ..I" ita ululjlfrntV. lauds, ano in JH'iuvm..i.o'""r)"v assume the right to us and to seli the lands of the U. States. There is yet a more satisfactory answer to thijeetion. Tho judicial power of the-tr- States is eo.exefiSiilLwitjyhej legislative power, and every question a risiu:; uadur Ibe coustiiulion or laws of the United States, is ijogui.able by the judiciury thereof. " Should ibe new stale r-f ii.d an of the uniclss of compact con tained in the act of admission iota Hie... uniou, that for example by Whieii slavery S'eXcludenY " shouiu pas a raw au- ihrriai!ii?stftvi:rv, Ibe luurciary oi ine v. Q . . ...... ... States, on proper. HlcltuoIlru"',' "u mediately duiiver fiuui bondage, any per son detained as a slave iu said stale: and in like maniieriu all instances aiieciiug individuals, the judiciary luight be eni ployed to violate the cousututiou and laws of ibe U. States. . If Coagress, powess tho powetf to ex clude slavery from Missouri, it sttn re- main to be shown that mey ouiu to uo . .'I'lif. exAmiQatioo of this branch of the subject for. obvious reasons, is attend ed with peculiar difficulty, and cannot be made without passing over arguments winch to sme of us might appear to be itoiusive. but the use of which in ibis place, would eall Jip feelings, the influ ence of which would disturb, if nut defeat, the impartial consideration of the subject. iJUvary unhappily sxiats wuhiu the U nitpd States. Eoliiehtened men in tbe states where it is permitted, and every where Out of them, regret its existence a . . ... ...... .. . t Uvere nte communities, in is oimcui.y is less eoos.- v n .DnicabIe 0 the new j a i a aawa.a. .at. w a a. am n t vnia i - - a a . .."""""S.. ' u' f V " states, wliieb congress may be wil live member, would accurate y mea e J. J sure the relative wealth of nations , . B rf i f . fc itD,adeT, states in the ueomstancea of the United VhBra'6., j. a vital uriuci- .ta.es, whose institutions' law. and em- mt U its' pioyments are so much alike, the.rule of W Jui p'r rvatii. the bet secur.ty numbers i probably as nearly equal, f ""-..r .',; rrAp1tarn. iha de- any other .sioiple and praeneaD.e ruiaeai a . thU prfncipb in the diapraf bta exwec ed to be tucuffu ueiween in s,i.. .tiAWa n d and new s ates its eouality is tlefee-r r. Y:,: ..... . live.) these considerations allowed ucici'i; , f.l.l: .t.faa waa n npl.aa added to He1"' '"!. .i..'-.MUimarni r.ih. saiy ausnuto m approbation. which laddreadj been en to the rule, by a majority ou a tfcp pepoB1ier. induced the convention to agree, tl at di- ' fc. . .... siven to the 8uv(f.bod- reel taxes sliodlH be apportioned among - nwtir ntV .tatesa JNever- theless, ifls hn ancient Settlement, and faith audliorior stand pledged not to dis turb it. But the extension pr ims uispn- ate povirer to the new states wouia tun states, accordms to llio whole num ber of free persons, and three fifths of the slaves which tccy migut respectively eoa tain. - ; 'uui iliiii a.aa i.ii iiiiii a t ua .u aaivawvaiv v-v i . Wprcviuusly extended, was permitted ig Xctelr..' Before the year the trade i A - r. it....:.... .i clause oi the treaty wutcnuai iii.uww. . j,. rth ni nmea wara ooea to for- "j toncinrss to iuno a consutiuiuw onu - - .. - , ;a . It . . . . .1 rt ...tin n nv H.nuA tit In altlCie IS ... .ll ihnaa nF 1 1. a nillifr cumtnitted" in- u,"'"""a 77 "t 7i ,i. eignen " and state government. Tho acts of congress for these purposes,. oramitieu iu- , t. nf tin s"- -Trr' ". " ".wv ZiJ...:. tn ihtk r; .:m. m- T .fniaianfl exnressiy coniineu to wip 4 v uuntry,.aQaas esnyai .ivu,aiw jrci tn tho union, by the name OL Louisiana. (exFs7 nw. . fte rMissQnri.' tiv!"i, .I; niantinirof the'eolonv ofVir- lesa nurnoses, terniuii" t,- ' W"V . - the time bctwe at . . a .iHt avai I 1 nly 97,000 . inhabitants, via :-5i,oao wUite.i ;ft whateTer may bo its impert it mtc, and isld w s!ay3 m Yirginia hy a .00Q sUves, 8,Qnn free persona Cf colour. . ' 4 : the time between th nest occupation of ginia, aad the same year in which tho first the country by the United States and settlement was made ia the eld eotony of The rule for apportionment of taxes is not necessarily the most equitable rule. foriFrapiiortunrment of reprcseiitaTive among the states f property must nut be disregarded hi the composition of the first rule, but frenuentlv is Overlooked io the 'establishment of the second j a rule which might be disapproved in respect to representatives, one ludividuat pos sessing twice as mncn property as buo- iber, might be 'required to puy double the tuxes of such other, but no man has two votes to another's one, rich or poor, each has but a siugle vote in the choice of re- uft'senlut.ivc. Is the dispute betweeh England end the colonies, the Jatter denied the right of the former to tax them, because they were not represented jn the knglisu far linmenf. They eootended, that accord inm to the law of the land, taxation and reorejentatiou were inseparable Tb ... i . . rule ot taxation being agreed open iy me convention, it is possible that the maxim with which we suecessiully opposed tne claim of Enirlaud, may have bad an io- fliience in nrocunrirr the adoption ot tne same rule for tbe apportionment of repre sentativesie true meaning, however, or this principle of the English constitution. a. that a p.nlonv or disiric. IB not n oe taxed which isul represented ; not that its number oi rentusentatives Shall be as certaiued by its quota of taxes. If three fifths of the slaves are virtually repre sented, aud their owners obtain a propor tionate power in legislation, and in the appointment ol the presiuent oi ute uni ted Stales, why should not other proper-1 tv be virtually represented, sad its own- .a nKiain a lik pi nnwer in l?islalion. and r . a j j in ilini'.hniee af the uresident ? Proper-1 ty is not eonaed to slave, but exists in1 houses, stores, ships, capital in trade and mannfactures. To secure to the owners rt .rlifinl bs unjust and odious. Tbestcttis whosfr i a l. -I ' I ,1 ..1 M,l.aU l...... power wouia He.a.oris?.!,J!LL ""I ...... .i i .1.. leas would be increaseu wy iuo uico.ua . .nnnnt be eiiipeted Iai consent to it j and, we m y hope tljiat the bther.states are toe maenonimons to insif no ft. . e or 'Slavery impairs iu; magnan The existe StiuYi History of Virjririfcrf induatrv and the power of a nation and it d ies so in Proportion to the multipli cation of its slav s : where the manual labor of atwuntry is performed by slaves, labor dishonors the hands oi freemen. If her laborers are slaves, fllisionrt may bb able to pay money taxes, bnt will be unable to raise soldiers, orto recruit seamen, and experience seems to have p oved that manufaetures do not prosper where the artificers are slaves. In case of foreign wnr,or domestic insurrection, misfortunes irom wnicn no state- aic amnt. Hnd uvaiost which all should be seasonably preparfld,lulTeaot only do not add ioF but dimmish the Tacttltyf ' self-defence instead of idereasiag the publie strength, they lessen n?jy -u;r whole number i.f free persons, whose ( place they occupy, increased by tneaum- ber of freemen that way oe empiujr; ffuards over them. . ; The motives ir 48 umia'v v. " ito. inth the union, are the extension of tbe principles of our fe government, the enualiziog of the public burdens, andlho cousolidaiion of the power of the coDfe- rated nation. Unless .tfceso oojects uc promoted by the admission of new states no such admission can be expedient r justified. ,j: "iVv ' ruestr.tes in woicoBiavci ists are contiguous to eaeh other ithcy . ire also the portion er me ubhm v nearest to the JSarppean eolonie in u West Indies' . eolwies wbos Tuinrc eo d'ttiofi can hkrdly bj regarded as problu' aalical. If Missouriand tneotricrsiair ihattnay he formtd to the west of the n- -k fite fourth I'cge. A. LUCAS, C7.
The Raleigh Minerva (Raleigh, N.C.)
Standardized title groups preceding, succeeding, and alternate titles together.
Dec. 10, 1819, edition 1
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